Cloud Modernisation on Microsoft Azure
Cloud Modernisation on Microsoft Azure
Azure suits organisations whose identity, productivity and line-of-business systems already sit with Microsoft, because the migration reuses directory, licensing and operational patterns your team already understands. We establish the landing zone first, covering management group structure, policy, identity and network design, then move workloads in waves. Applications that can move onto managed services do, and the ones that genuinely need a virtual machine stay on one without apology.
Why Azure
When this is the right platform.
- Windows Server, SQL Server and .NET workloads move with the fewest surprises, and existing Software Assurance can change the run cost materially, so the licence position belongs in the business case rather than turning up as a late discovery.
- If your people already sign in through Microsoft Entra ID for email and Microsoft 365, the platform inherits that identity, conditional access and group structure instead of introducing a second directory to maintain.
- Azure VMware Solution lets a VMware estate move as a cluster without re-platforming every workload first, which matters when a data centre lease or a hardware refresh sets the deadline rather than the application roadmap.
- Azure Arc extends policy, inventory and monitoring to servers and Kubernetes clusters that stay on-premises or run elsewhere, so a partly migrated estate can still be governed from one place.
- Engineers with Active Directory, Group Policy and Windows operations backgrounds find the concepts familiar, which shortens the period where the platform depends on outside help.
Where it is less suited
We would rather say this now than after a migration.
- Management group and subscription design is expensive to change once workloads are live, because moving a subscription moves its policy assignments, role assignments and cost boundaries at the same time. We treat that structure as a decision to get right before the first wave, not a detail to revisit later.
- Azure VMware Solution is priced on reserved host capacity, so it earns its place when there is a dated exit from the existing data centre and a plan for what follows. Used as an indefinite destination it keeps virtual machine operational overhead while adding cloud cost.
- Azure Cost Management reports accurately, but it can only group spend the way your tags and scopes allow. Retrofitting tags across an estate that grew without standards is manual work, which is why tagging enforcement belongs in the landing zone rather than in a later clean-up.
- Some workloads will not qualify for App Service, Container Apps or a managed database, whether because of an unsupported runtime, a hardware dependency or a vendor support statement. They stay on virtual machines, and the operating model has to keep image management and patching in scope for them.
Business outcomes
What Azure delivers here.
- A landing zone an auditor can follow
- Platform and security teams get a management group hierarchy, policy set and naming standard where any new subscription inherits controls on creation. We measure the time and manual steps needed to stand up a compliant new environment, before and after.
- Windows and SQL estates back on supported footing
- Application owners get operating systems, database engines and runtimes on versions that still receive security updates, removing the exception register that has been growing for years. Version currency is tracked as a standing metric rather than a one-off clean-up.
- One governance plane across cloud and on-premises
- Infrastructure teams manage servers still in the data centre and workloads already in Azure through the same policy, inventory and monitoring surface using Azure Arc. Coverage is reported as the percentage of estate under policy, agreed as a target at the outset.
- Failover you have watched happen
- Risk and operations get replication and backup configured to the recovery objectives set per workload, then exercised in a scheduled test with the result written down. The measure is whether the tested recovery time meets the objective the business agreed, not whether a plan exists.
- Cost attributed to the business, not to IT
- Finance receives Azure spend split by business unit, environment and application because tags and scopes were designed for that reporting from day one. Untagged spend is reported as its own line so it cannot hide inside a shared total.
Common client problems
What we usually hear first.
We already run Microsoft 365, but our servers sit in a comms room here and the hardware falls out of warranty next year.
We use the existing Entra ID tenant as the identity foundation, then assess the on-premises estate with Azure Migrate to size and cost the target before committing to a date. The hardware warranty becomes the backstop for the migration plan rather than the thing that dictates a rushed rebuild.
Our VMware renewal has changed and we now have a deadline we did not plan for.
Azure VMware Solution can take the cluster largely as it runs today, which converts an immovable renewal date into a staged modernisation you control. We plan the exit alongside the move, so workloads leave for App Service, Azure SQL Database or containers on a schedule rather than staying on reserved hosts indefinitely.
We started in Azure with one subscription and now everything lives in it, including production.
We design a management group and subscription structure that separates production, non-production and shared platform services, then move resources in a planned sequence with policy and role assignments rebuilt at the correct scope. Cost boundaries and blast radius end up aligned with how the organisation actually operates.
Half our SQL Servers are on a version that is out of extended support.
We assess each database for compatibility with Azure SQL Database or Azure SQL Managed Instance, and where the application blocks that, we plan an in-place upgrade on Azure Virtual Machines with a defined path off later. Every database gets a target, a cut-over rehearsal and a validation step before the old server is switched off.
Nobody can tell me which of our Azure resources are still being used.
We combine Azure Monitor activity and metric data with Azure Cost Management to identify resources with no traffic, no recent change and no owner tag. Findings come back as a decommissioning list with the monthly cost of each item, so the clean-up decision is easy to make and easy to defend.
How we deliver
Our Azure delivery approach.
- 01
Assessment and advisory
The Azure assessment combines tooling output with the commercial context that tooling cannot see, including licence entitlements, contract dates and which applications the business will not tolerate any downtime on.
- Azure Migrate discovery and dependency analysis across servers, databases and web applications, reconciled against your asset register and the people who support each system.
- Licence position review covering Windows Server and SQL Server entitlements, Software Assurance, and reservation or savings plan options, so the run cost in the business case reflects what you can actually claim.
- Target sizing per workload from observed utilisation rather than existing specification, with the on-premises comparison stated in the same units.
- Landing zone gap analysis against the Microsoft Cloud Adoption Framework for Azure, covering identity, management groups, network topology, policy and logging.
- Recovery objective workshop per workload, translating business tolerance into a backup frequency, replication design and expected failover behaviour.
- A wave plan with cut-over windows, rollback triggers and the acceptance criteria each wave must meet before the next one starts.
- 02
Architecture and implementation
The Azure build starts with the structure that is hard to change later, then adds workloads. We keep the platform layer separate from the applications so that either can evolve without forcing a rebuild of the other.
- Landing zone deployed as code with management groups, subscriptions, Azure Policy assignments, Azure Virtual Network topology, Azure Private DNS zones and diagnostic settings configured before the first workload arrives.
- Hybrid connectivity established with Azure ExpressRoute or site-to-site VPN, with routing, name resolution and failover behaviour tested against the applications that will cross the link.
- Server migration through Azure Migrate with test cut-overs into an isolated network, so application owners validate their own systems before the production window opens.
- Application replatforming onto Azure App Service, Azure Container Apps or Azure Kubernetes Service based on isolation, scaling and operational skill requirements, with the reasoning documented per application.
- Data tier moved onto Azure SQL Database or Azure Cosmos DB where the access pattern fits, with schema assessment, performance baselining and a rehearsed cut-over.
- Ingress standardised through Azure Front Door, Azure Application Gateway and Azure API Management so certificate handling, web application firewall policy and routing are managed centrally instead of per application.
- 03
Security and governance
Azure gives you platform-level controls that are much cheaper to apply before workloads land. We set the guardrails at management group scope so they apply to subscriptions that do not exist yet.
- Azure Policy initiatives assigned at management group scope covering allowed regions, allowed resource types, mandatory tags, encryption requirements and diagnostic settings, with a compliance dashboard reviewed on a set cadence.
- Microsoft Entra ID role design with least-privilege built-in roles, separate identities for administrative work, and time-bound elevation for privileged operations.
- Private endpoints and service endpoints for platform services, so database and storage traffic stays on the virtual network rather than traversing public addresses.
- Azure Monitor diagnostic settings sent to a central Log Analytics workspace with retention agreed against your record-keeping obligations.
- Backup and replication policy enforced through Azure Backup and Azure Site Recovery, with protection status reported as a compliance metric rather than checked manually.
- Control mapping showing how the deployed Azure configuration supports the Essential Eight or ISO 27001 controls you are working towards, and which gaps remain a process responsibility.
- 04
Adoption and enablement
Your team needs to be able to add the next workload without us. Enablement is built around the operations they will perform in the first six months, using the environment we have just built.
- A subscription and workload onboarding guide covering naming, tagging, policy exemption requests and the approvals each step needs.
- Hands-on sessions in the real environment covering scale operations, restore from Azure Backup, failover rehearsal and reading Azure Monitor alerts back to a root cause.
- Cost review training for application owners using Azure Cost Management views built for their scope, not a single tenant-wide dashboard.
- Documented escalation paths distinguishing platform issues, application issues and Microsoft support cases, with the information required for each.
- A joint dry run of the first post-go-live change, executed by your engineers with us observing rather than driving.
- Source environment decommissioning checklist covering data retention, licence release, backup retention and the sign-off needed before hardware leaves.
- 05
Managed service continuation
After go-live we can continue operating the Azure platform with you under an agreed service schedule, keeping the governance and cost discipline in place once the project team has moved on.
- Azure Monitor alert tuning and triage, with noisy rules retired and coverage extended as new workloads land, reported at each review.
- Azure Policy compliance and drift reporting, including resources created outside the standard pattern and exemptions approaching expiry.
- Scheduled restore tests from Azure Backup and periodic Azure Site Recovery failover rehearsals, with results and any remediation recorded.
- Monthly Azure Cost Management review covering spend by business unit, reservation and savings plan coverage, idle resources and specific right-sizing actions.
- Patch and update coordination for Azure Virtual Machines, container images and managed service versions against an approved maintenance calendar.
- A prioritised improvement backlog covering resilience gaps, cost actions and modernisation candidates still on virtual machines.
Technology reference
The Microsoft Azure services we build with.
A reference architecture view of the platform services used in this domain, and what each one does in the design.
Foundation and migration
Azure Landing ZonesManagement group hierarchy, subscription structure, policy baseline and network topology, deployed as code before the first workload arrives.
Azure MigrateDiscovery, dependency mapping, sizing and server replication, including test cut-overs into an isolated network.
Azure Virtual MachinesTarget for workloads that cannot move to platform services yet, sized from observed utilisation rather than existing specification.
Azure VMware SolutionDestination for VMware estates constrained by a lease or renewal date, used as a staging point with a planned exit to platform services.
Application runtime
Azure App ServiceHosting for web applications and APIs that can leave a virtual machine, giving managed patching, scaling and deployment slots.
Azure FunctionsEvent-driven and scheduled processing, replacing task scheduler jobs and small always-on services that no longer justify a server.
Azure Container AppsContainer hosting for teams that want scale-to-zero and revision-based releases without operating a Kubernetes cluster.
Azure Kubernetes ServiceContainer platform where workload density, custom networking or existing Kubernetes tooling justifies running the cluster.
Data platform
Azure SQL DatabaseManaged target for SQL Server databases, removing version currency and backup administration from the application team.
Azure Cosmos DBUsed where the access pattern needs low-latency key or document reads at scale rather than relational joins.
Network, ingress and connectivity
Azure Virtual NetworkSegmented network design with subnet-level separation, private endpoints and controlled routing between environments.
Azure ExpressRoutePrivate connectivity between the data centre or office and Azure where bandwidth, latency or predictability rule out internet VPN.
Azure Front DoorGlobal entry point with caching, health-based routing and web application firewall policy applied consistently across sites.
Azure Application GatewayRegional layer-seven load balancing and web application firewall for applications that terminate inside the virtual network.
Azure API ManagementFront door for internal and partner APIs, centralising authentication, rate limiting, versioning and usage visibility.
Resilience, governance and cost
Azure BackupPolicy-driven backup for virtual machines, databases and file shares, with protection status reported as a compliance metric.
- Azure Site RecoveryReplication and orchestrated failover for workloads whose recovery objective cannot be met by restore alone, rehearsed on a schedule.
Azure MonitorCentral metrics, logs and alerting, with diagnostic settings enforced by policy so new resources are observable by default.
Azure PolicyGuardrails for regions, resource types, tagging and encryption, assigned at management group scope so future subscriptions inherit them.
Azure Cost ManagementSpend attribution by business unit and application, budget alerts, and reservation or savings plan coverage analysis.
Azure ArcExtends policy, inventory and monitoring to servers and clusters that remain on-premises, keeping a partly migrated estate governed from one place.
Product names and icons are trademarks of Microsoft and Amazon Web Services, reproduced unmodified from their official architecture icon libraries to identify the technologies used in these architectures. Their presence does not indicate partnership, certification or endorsement by either vendor.
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